Application of Systems Engineering and Sustainable Development Goals towards Sustainable Management of Fishing Gear Resources in Norway

Commercial fishing is a critical economic sector for Norway, yet deficiency of scientific information, regulatory instruments, inadequate implementation, and lack management infrastructure are among the significant causes mismanagement gear (FG) resources. Mismanagement FGs results in leakage plastics through abandoned, lost, or discarded gears (ALDFG), which most threatening litter fraction marine wildlife. In EU-EEA states, ALDFG prioritized dedicated circular economy (CE) action plan. Historically, systems engineering (SE) methods successfully applied resource studies. This study adopts applies SPADE method to evaluate sustainable system FG resources Norway. comprises five problem-solving activities covering stakeholders, problem formulation, analysis, decision-making, continuous evaluation. Each activity accomplished by data collected stakeholder interviews literature analysis establish an initial structure problems associated strategies across FG’s life cycle phases. The application spanned four years (2017–2020) resulted outcomes aimed at common goal improving Norway within framework development goals CE. SPADE’s practice integrate stakeholders each step provision continual evaluation proved effective building holistic understanding complex system.